Syllabus - Tells You Everything You Need To Know About Your College Class

Schedule - Tells You Everything You Need To Know About Your College Class At the point when I previously began school I had no clue about what my teacher implied when she said she was going to appropriate the schedule. Over the remainder of that first day I came to comprehend that a prospectus is a manual for the course. Numerous understudies dont exploit the data gave in the prospectus to design their semester. The prospectus contains the entirety of the data you have to know with respect to what is anticipated from you and what you have to do to get ready for each class. Heres what you will discover on the prospectus appropriated on the principal day of class: Data about the Course Course name, number, meeting times, number of credits Contact Information The educator records the area of their office, available time (times that the person in question is in the workplace and accessible for meeting with understudies), telephone number, email, and site, if applicable. Plan to utilize a teachers available time to take advantage of class. Required Readings Course reading, supplemental books, and articles are recorded. Books commonly are accessible in the grounds book shop and here and there are on hold in library. Articles are at times offered for buy in the book shop, different occasions are on save in the library, and progressively normal, are accessible on a course or library site page. Peruse before class to take advantage of class. Course Components Most prospectuses list the things that make your evaluation, for instance, midterm, paper, and last, just as the percent every thing is worth. Extra areas regularly talk about each course segment. You may discover an area on tests, for instance, that rundowns data about when they happen, what structure they take, just as the educators strategy on making up tests. Give specific consideration to segments talking about papers and other composed assignments. Search for data about the task. What are you expected to do? When is the last task due? It is safe to say that you are relied upon to counsel the educator before starting your paper or venture? Is a first draft required? Assuming this is the case, when? Investment Numerous educators consider investment part of the evaluation. Frequently they will remember a segment for the prospectus depicting what they mean by interest and how they survey it. If not, inquire. Teachers here and there state that they just record it and give hardly any subtleties on how. On the off chance that that is the situation you should seriously mull over visiting during available time in half a month to ask about your cooperation, regardless of whether it is acceptable, and whether the teacher has any proposals. Ordinarily investment is utilized as an equivalent for participation and teachers may show it in essentially request to address understudies who don't appear for class. Class Rules/Guidelines/Policies Numerous educators give rules to class conduct, frequently as what not to do. Normal things address the utilization of mobile phones and workstations, lateness, regarding others, talking in class, and consideration. Once in a while rules for class conversations are incorporated. In this segment or at times a different segment, educators frequently will list their approaches with respect to late assignments and their make-up polices. Give specific consideration to these arrangements and use them to control your conduct. Likewise perceive that you can shape educators impressions of you with suitable class conduct. Participation Policy Give specific consideration to the teachers participation strategies. Is participation required? How is it recorded? What number of nonattendances are allowed? Must unlucky deficiencies be archived? What is the punishment for unexcused unlucky deficiencies? Understudies who dont focus on participation approaches can be suddenly frustrated with their last grades. Course Schedule Most prospectuses incorporate a calendar posting due dates for perusing and different assignments. Understanding List Perusing records are especially basic in graduate classes. Educators list extra readings that are appropriate to the point. Normally the rundown is comprehensive. Comprehend that this rundown is for reference. Educators likely won't reveal to you this, however they dont anticipate that you should peruse the things on the understanding rundown. In the event that you have a paper task, in any case, counsel these things to decide whether any are useful. One of the easiest and best suggestions I can offer you as an understudy is to peruse the prospectus and make note of strategies and cutoff times. Most strategy, task, and cutoff time addresses I get can be replied by, Read the prospectus - its in there. Educators dont consistently help you to remember forthcoming assignments and due dates. Its your duty to know about them and to deal with your time as needs be. Exploit the course schedule, a significant manual for your semester.

Lisa Bright ; Dark By John Neufeld Essay Example For Students

Lisa Bright ; Dark By John Neufeld Essay Matchmaker.com: Sign up now for a free preliminary. Date Smarter!LisaBright Dark by John NeufeldJohn Neufeld is the creator of Lisa Bright Dark. He lives and works in New York City nowadays. He was educatedat Yale. His style of composing are generally contacting stories. Discovering data about John Neufeldis very troublesome since the Internet nor the book has given any helpwhatsoever. Lisa Shilling is the fundamental character ofthis book. She is only sixteen as she gradually loses her brain. Lisa is quitean case of young person with issues which is the reason shed be ordered asa genuine character. Her risky perspective mirrors the realismthat this happens. Her dispositions are always showing signs of change. Lisasmotivation as a young person is to live her live typically. This is difficult to do since she is in needof assistance. Many can identify with Lisa and her ailment since it is among teenagerstoday. Her mom and father reprimand her off totally neglecting her seriousunstableness. Fortunately, she has companions that care enough to support her. Themain strife of this book is the battle to persuade Lisas guardians thatshe is sick and needs genuine assistance. Her folks didn't focus inthe starting when Lisa began to act somewhat extraordinary. This is ratherunderstandable. Lisa was in school and pricked herself with a needle thatdrew blood. Many revealed to Lisas difficult guardians that she required a specialist. They essentially would not acknowledge the way that their little girl was in needof anything. When Lisa even shouted out that she required assistance, they simplywouldnt comprehend. She even strolled directly through a glass window. Herparents didnt comprehend until it was past the point of no return. The contention wasfinally settled after they got her the assistance she needed. This isan case of man stanza himself since the contention manages Lisa fightingher ailment. This book type is about a social issue. This implies thata issue happened in the social region. For this situation it included Lisa Shillingand her battle with society and her disease. One case of this social issue wouldbe the way that society, for example, Lisas schoolmates were uneducated abouther issue so they didnt get her. Another model would be howLisas guardians were excessively occupied with their life to see their daughtersplea for help. One more model would be the means by which the educators and guidancetried to check out the issue. Today, a similar social issues are stillfaced. The books them managed psychological maladjustment and treating it. It wasabout Lisa and her issues. This book demonstrated that the bewildering problemcould be dealt with right similarly as long as she got the correct assistance. Her friendswere the principle individuals to assist her with beating everything. It tends to be seen that thissituation was extremely troublesome at that point and now. The lesson of this story is basedon the ailment of a young lady and societys sway on her. It goes to show thatshe was aided and harmed simultaneously. This section got my attention. Its a momentof stun and shock brought about by Lisas sickness. This is an unexpected outburstno one was set up for. They took care of it well under those conditions. Lisa had pushed Elizabeth toward the dyingfire, and had hopped on her in one development. She started hitting Elizabethsface, at that point changed her assault and started punching Elizabeth wherever shecould her sides, her stomach, kicking at her legs, snatching her by hehair. It was frightening. .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6 , .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6 .postImageUrl , .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6 , .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6:hover , .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6:visited , .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6:active { border:0!important; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6:active , .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content embellishment: underline; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content design: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f1 0d2020222b05b6 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u2c11e24b587a83c9f10d2020222b05b6:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Atomic Bomb EssayThis is the rundown of ten jargon wordsthat I didnt know as I read Lisa Bright Dark. The greater part of them manage Lisas disease issome way. 1. schizophrenia : a maniacal disordercharacterized by loss of contact with the earth, by recognizable deteriorationin the degree of working in regular day to day existence, and by breaking down ofpersonality communicated as confusion of feeling, suspected (as in hallucinationsand dreams), and direct called likewise dementia praecox. 2. compatriot : CONFIDANT particularly :one who is a lady. 3. still, small voice : the sense or consciousnessof the ethical goodness or accountability of ones own direct, intentions,or character along with a sentiment of commitment to do right or be acceptable. 4. fixed status : the inability of beingmoved. 5. Mountie : an individual from the Royal CanadianMounted Police. 6. quarry : a precious stone formed sheet of glass,stone, or tile. 7. hooked : bending like an eaglesbeak. 8. expert : an individual who examines orwho is talented in examination. 9. compliantly : effectively drove or oversaw :TRACTABLE. 10. barbiturate : any of different derivativesof barbituric corrosive utilized esp. as tranquilizers, hypnotics, and antispasmodics. TheLinknation Network

Nicht Bach, Sondern Maurer

Nicht Bach, Sondern Maurer DID YOU KNOW? Chess prodigy Bobby Fischer has been wanted by the US Government since 1992, when he violated economic sanctions against Yugoslavia by engaging in a chess match there. However, he has sought political asylum in Iceland. I was just about to get some sleep last nightI had to wake up for a 1 PM lunch with some of my marching bandmates from high school, which required considerable effortwhen I heard Sams Mom crying from the living room. SAM! she yelled. The Cornucopia of Doom is on! Okay, well thats only my favorite episode of Star Trek EVER, next to the one where Spock says Logic is a little bird, chirping in a meadow. So I thought Id start yet another blog entry while watching Commodore Decker fail to save the universe with his well-intentioned but ultimately meaningless sacrifice. Anyway, Sams Mom just figured out how her brand-new DVR system works (unlike JKims household, not all electronic tasks are left to MIT students here in rainy Harrisburg, PA), so Im going to hold off on doomsday until tomorrow. Another class that almost killed me in the past week was 21M.500: Senior Seminar in Music, which, as devoted fans of my blog (are there any left?) probably know, is taught by Pulitzer Prize-winning composer John Harbison. I remember one time, a book was recommended to me on the basis that It won the PULITZER PRIZE. I really hope that I am in that situation again so I can be like, Oh yeah? I took a small seminar class taught by a Pulitzer Prize-winner. I got a B+. Wow, Im a jerk. Pulitzer Prize-winning composer John Harbison is not a jerk though. Hes seriously a genius. Long long ago, in one of my favorite MITblogs entries of all time, Mitra writes about The outdoor terrace, where mes amis mingled until our feast was ready. We played this game in which non-MIT people would yell out a number, and MIT people would say to which course it corresponded. Fun for toute la famille! I think that you could play the same game with Pulitzer Prize-winning composer John Harbison and Bach cantatas. You call out a number from 1 to 220 or whatever, and he tells you the name of the cantata, the year it was written, the Sunday on which it was to be performed, the English translation of the German text, outlines all of the movements for you, and sings the chorale melody on which the entire cantata is based. I seriously have never met anybody who knows so much about music, and is yet so unpretentious about it and able to communicate it so well to sleepy engineering undergrads burnt out on problem sets and grad school applications. (I will finish grad school applications as soon as I beat Startropics on Nestopia! Im already at Zoda, okay?) The class was all about late Bach, when he abandoned all pretense of working for commissions and decided to start writing the weirdest, most groundbreaking counterpoint of all time. We spent about half the semester just studying his Musical Offering to Frederick the Great (by the way, I love German adjective rules more than most people), in which he wrote quite possibly the worlds first 6-part fugue, transcribed a two-week old improvisation from memory, and wrote ten canons based on a theme that Schoenberg judged to be nearly impossible for canon-writing. Schoenberg was kind of stupid, but I really like Pierrot Lunaire. Anyway, as a result of this class, I now know more about Bachs ancestry and personal finances than I do about inorganic chemistry. But guess which class is on my resume! After that, we did some work on the cantatas and gave presentations on the nature of improvisation. Mine was about Ivess Concord Sonata, and as I chronicled in this entry, it made Pulitzer Prize-winning composer John Harbison laugh. Intentionally! Or maybe he was just laughing at Ivess weird dissonances. Seriously, theres this one recording of Ives improvising at the piano, in which he just plays random notes for a whole minute, and then ends on a high Ab, and then hes like, OOPS! My finger slipped! and he hits a high G instead. Its fantastic. Our last project was to take pieces from Bachs organ mass and arrange them for small ensembles of our choosing. I had originally been talked into arranging my prelude, which was essentially in four voices and only used the manuals of the organ, for violin, viola, soprano voice, and baritone saxophone. Hey, a Pulitzer Prize-winning composer wouldnt steer me wrong, would he? Realizing the night before the project was due that I sucked at writing for strings, I took a closer look at the piece and found that each of the four parts was set almost exactly in one of the ranges generally associated with human voices. So, mustering up every bit of my courage, I defied Pulitzer Prize-winning composer John Harbison and produced THIS It totally deserves its own line. Why? Because Pulitzer-prize winning composer John Harbison called it ingenious and appropriate a worthy addition to the motet repertoire. I was ecstatic, but I then faced the challenge of rustling up three other singers with whom I could perform it five days later. Of course, I rocked that too, and we gave an excellent peformance marred only by my own numerous singing mistakes (you would think that I would make the fewest pitch errors, having written the song for twelve hours, but no). In the end, it still wasnt enough to earn me my favorite grade in the class: an A-. Since MIT doesnt count plusses or minuses in calculating your GPA, getting an A- is pretty much the best thing in the world. Well, besides chocolate fountains. I was a little disappointed about my B+ at first, but then I remembered: at least Im not a triple amputee. I should be thankful for that. I should also be thankful for the fact that I GO TO MIT AND BRILLIANT DOWN-TO-EARTH PULITZER PRIZE WINNERS TEACH MY CLASSES.

The Time Of Captivity During The 19th Century - 1931 Words

In early America slaves hired by rich white folk did any and all labor. Whether it was plantation work or boat work these slaves were not only working as hard as they could but they were also singing. Whether it was singing to keep the group together, singing to stay positive, or singing for communication there was never a silent moment during work hours. Work songs have traveled through cultures and time for so long that they still exist today in a way that you may not even realize. Work songs first developed in the 18th century in Africa during the Time of Captivity. The Time of Captivity was when white boat owners and slave traders would sail over to Africa and capture natives who would later be sold into the slave trade. They would†¦show more content†¦Albert S. Cook Library research database defines work song as â€Å"any song that belongs to either of two broad categories: Songs used as a rhythmic accompaniment to a task and songs that make a statement about work.† (Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica 2014) The regular steady rhythm of the work song helped the majority of the workers stay together and relieve their boredom while also making the task at hand a little more fun. Work songs sung in the field were commonly about religious praises, return to home, and a hopeful future based around freedom from slavery. Other times work songs were about mocking their fields’ overseers or expressing frustrations about the physical pains of working. A common work song form was call and response. An unofficial leader would sing a line or two, followed by a response from the rest of the workers. They would respond with either the same line sang by the leader, or a different line repeated after every line the leader sang, almost like a refrain. Work songs were rarely written down but one work song that demonstrates one of these common themes and forms is â€Å"My Southern Home† which was found in William Wells Brown s memoir. My Southern Home â€Å"All them pretty gals will be there, Shuck that corn before you eat; They will fix it for us rare, Shuck that corn before you eat. I know that supper will be big, Shuck that corn before you eat; I think I smell a fine roast pig, Shuck that corn before you eat† During the time of slavery, theShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1041 Words   |  5 Pagessymbolizes the protagonist s mind named Jane during the 19th century. The yellow wallpaper symbolizes the way women were perceived. The yellow wallpaper includes models, angles and curves so that they contradict each other. we could say that these angles represents the identity of women during the 19th century. The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is about the control and attacks the role of women in society. What is expected of women of the 19th century is to have children, take care of theRead MorePerforming Animals: The Ill Treatment of Performing Orca’s in Captivity1732 Words   |  7 PagesImmanuel Kant, an 18th century philosopher argues that human beings have an intrinsic worth that makes them valuable above all else, especially animals. In his argument, Kant postulated the soul as necessary for giving unity to the human person and foun d that it is not the human body that gives human beings their dignity, but their rationality and their status as rational beings and moral agents. Animals in Kant’s state of mind are a means to an end (the end being man) and overall have no importanceRead MoreWomen During The Victorian Era1321 Words   |  6 PagesWomen in England during the Victorian Era were forced into a mold; their ideal function being marriage and procreation. They were expected to submit to their husbands, look pretty (but not feel passion), and learn everything having to do with sewing and entertainment (but nothing else), all while being expected to support their family. Elizabeth Barrett Browning was an educated woman in Victorian England who was able to step out of this mold and exercise her talent for writing. Browning admired andRead MoreSummary Of Thirty Years A Slave By William Wells Essay1513 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica is like a small child that has still yet to learn the rules of itsâ⠂¬â„¢ common house. Discovered in the late 1400’s, America has taken centuries to develop into the standing country it is today. The great nation has overcome much in the last 600 years. Among many things vanquished throughout time, slavery has arguably taken the most consideration amount of time to overcome. Slavery was introduced to the fresh ground of America, specifically Virginia, in 1619. European land owners used Africans forRead MoreMary Rowlandson And Transcendentalism1661 Words   |  7 Pagesnature could better oneself, emerged during the early 1800s and became very popular shortly after. It was a growing trend for many who wanted to regret from conformity, and focus on themselves rather than the rules that society had already set up for them. During the mid 18th century to late 19th century, those who grew up in a religiously involved family or in an industrial area created their lives based on the virtues of Christianity while those who spent time with a greater sense of solitude foundedRead MoreGeorge Rousseau And Jean Jacques Rousseau Essay1002 Words   |  5 Pageswhich is â€Å"Freedom from captivity imprisonment, slavery, or despotic control.† (566 Oxford Dictionary) but Liberty is often portrayed as more than just that. When looking at the past, Liberty is an interesting concept, considering the social structure at the time and how the king and the church had so much power. A lot changed with the French Revolution and the abolishment of the French monarchy but let us take a look a few years before that, where two great minds of this time had their own opinionRead MoreThe Awakening Critical Analysis1596 Words   |  7 Pages The Awakening by Kate Chopin Critical Analysis The novel, The Awakening by Kate Chopin, was written during the late 19th century, when the feminist movement was in its infancy. During that era, the novel was yet to be discovered and the few considered it as a disgrace. Many thought that it portrayed a negative example of how a women should think and behave. Women during that era expected the book to be more â€Å"sophisticated† and â€Å"ladylike,† but Chopin had a different view of how women shouldRead MoreReview : 12 Years A Slave Directed By Steve Mcqueen1062 Words   |  5 Pagestrials and tribulations of a once free New-York state born African-American musician after he is kidnapped in Washington D.C by a pair of alleged â€Å"traveling entertainers† with whom he agreed to perform and sold into slavery in 1841. (Tobias) During his time in captivity, Northup was transferred and traded to work on various different plantations across the state of Louisiana. It would be a staggering twelve years of isol ation and despair before his status as a free man is proven and his freedom is at longRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Charlotte Perkins Gilman847 Words   |  4 PagesA brave woman sang a sombre song from inside a birdcage in the late 19th century. As a novelist and a well-known feminist, Charlotte Perkins Gilman fearlessly spoke up about her concepts on freedom in her masterpiece, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. She proposed a big issue -divorce- around that time. In this semi-autobiographical story, she describes her conflict of marital discord. Gilman intertwines her frustrations about a relationship with her husband and depicts the distress through many symbols, soRead MoreThe Voice From A Birdcage844 Words   |  4 Pages The Voice from a Birdcage A brave woman sang a sombre song from inside a birdcage in the late 19th century. As a novelist and also a well-known feminist, Charlotte Perkins Gilman fearlessly spoke up about her conception, freedom, in her masterpiece, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. She proposed big issue-divorce- around that time. In this semi-autographical story, she describes her conflict of marital discord. Gilman intertwines her frustrations about a relationship with her husband and depicts the distress

Business Law Exemption Clause - 961 Words

1. An exemption is a clause in a contract that exempts or removes liability from one or both parties in certain circumstances. Exemption clauses are used frequently in business organization contract. These clauses apportion risk between the parties concerned and the law upholds them, assuming the parties negotiated them while drafting the contract 2. The two ways in which exemption clauses can be incorporated in a contract are: (1) Incorporation by notice and (2) Incorporation by signature. 3. I would first ask X if he was notified of the hotel’s policy while, he was checking in. If He was informed of a policy to secure valuables at the front desk, then he was responsible for his losses and Y had no obligation to reimburse him for†¦show more content†¦Rescission can be lost where the subject matter of the contract cannot be restored to the representor, and where a third party has gained an interest in the goods. 4. Onus – Burden of proof 5. Contra Proferentem rule – States that any doubt or ambiguity in the wording of a clause will be construed against the person seeking to rely onShow MoreRelatedBusiness Law: Exemption Clause945 Words   |  4 Pages1. An exemption is a clause in a contract that exempts or removes liability from one or both parties in certain circumstances. Exemption clauses are used frequently in business organization contract. These clauses apportion risk between the parties concerned and the law upholds them, assuming the parties negotiated them while drafting the contract 2. The two ways in which exemption clauses can be incorporated in a contract are: (1) Incorporation by notice and (2) Incorporation by signatureRead MoreContract Law Enforces The Right Of Contractual Freedom1684 Words   |  7 PagesContract law enforces the right to contractual freedom. Although, when one party has a stronger position in the commercial market, he may take advantage of his position and contract away from fair legal rules . Incorporation of terms The common law finds that, in the absence of misrepresentation, when parties are signing an agreement it follows that they agree to the terms included . In L’estrange v Graucob (1934), Scrutton LJ stated that the general principle of incorporation of terms is thatRead MoreBusiness Law1361 Words   |  6 Pagescommon law? The issue of this case will be whether James can hold Happy Holiday Hotel responsible for the loss of his property notwithstanding the exemption clause found in the hotel rooms. Under the Exemption Clauses in Common Law, it states that in order for this clause to be valid, the clause must be included in the contract when the contract is made. If there is any attempt to include it in after the contract has been made, the clause will be deemed as not valid. Based on The Exemption ClausesRead MoreBusiness Law1345 Words   |  6 Pagescommon law? The issue of this case will be whether James can hold Happy Holiday Hotel responsible for the loss of his property notwithstanding the exemption clause found in the hotel rooms. Under the Exemption Clauses in Common Law, it states that in order for this clause to be valid, the clause must be included in the contract when the contract is made. If there is any attempt to include it in after the contract has been made, the clause will be deemed as not valid. Based on The Exemption ClausesRead MoreTips For A Software Start Up Company1504 Words   |  7 Pageson fundraising activities unless one of the exemptions under the Act applies. She asks you to write a memo to introduce and compare various exemptions which might be applicable. The memo should cover at least the following topics: wholesale investor, small offer and crowd funding. You may also discuss any other exemptions which you think might be relevant. To: CEO of gaming apps From: employee Date: 5/9/2015 Subject: Comparison of different exemptions applicable to fundraising activities Introduction:Read MoreAn Case Between Fiona s Company Film Fun And Goliath Plc1422 Words   |  6 PagesThis case between Fiona s company Film Fun and Goliath plc concerns exemption clauses and whether Film Fun plc, as the injured party, can seek legal relief against Goliath plc. Protection from such unfair terms is offered by the common law, most noticeably the Unfair Contract Terms Act (UCTA) 1977 and Unfair Terms in Consumer Contract Regulations (UTCCR) 1999. Many factors surrounding the clause are to be considered such as its incorporation and construction into the contract as well as legislationRead MoreExemption Clause1898 Words   |  8 PagesExemption Clause Each time a person travels on a bus, train or an airplane, buys a washing machine, computers, etc., or deposits good in a railway locker or even going to a concert, he will receive a standard form contract. There are two kinds of standard form contracts which is business transactions and consumer transactions Business transaction is one that regulates dealings between people in business for example building contracts and etc. While consumer transaction is one whichRead MoreThe Supremacy Clause : Conflict Between Federal And State Law1656 Words   |  7 PagesChristina Wood The Supremacy Clause: Conflict between Federal and State Law as it relates to Medical Marijuana The American Constitution provides for a division of government powers between the federal and state governments, as well as provides solutions in an event of conflict between these two governments. The Supremacy Clause is derived through Constitutional Law and determines that the Constitution, Federal statutes, and United States treaties contain the â€Å"supreme law of the land†, creatingRead MoreHow Charitable Organizations May Not Participate Or Intervene1678 Words   |  7 Pagestermination assessment of all taxes due, and an injunction against further political expenditures.† B. Legislative History The structure of tax exemption for charitable organizations was developed through legislation enacted between 1894 and 1969. Over that period of time, Congress established the basic principles and requirements of tax exemption, activities of tax-exempt organizations that were taxable, and defined and regulated public foundations. Early legislation was enacted between 1894Read MoreUcta Law Essay951 Words   |  4 PagesSale of Goods Act 1979 (sellers implied undertakings as to conformity of goods with description or sample, or as to their quality or fitness for a particular purpose) cannot be excluded or restricted by reference to any contract term. Exclusion clauses subject to reasonableness S.6(3) states that as against a person dealing otherwise than as consumer liability for breach of the obligations arising from ss.13, 14 or 15 of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 can be excluded or restricted by reference to a

Poverty In Canada Free Essays

Introduction Although Canada is considered as a materially affluent country with impressive performance in industrial and economic growth since past 50 years, it has been unable to forsake poverty as a social problem. In fact as the Canada’s social security net has weakened and income inequalities widened, the issue of poverty has worsened in the Canadian society (Shewell, 1998, 45;). Presently 14 % population of Canada is living under conditions of poverty (Reutter et al. We will write a custom essay sample on Poverty In Canada or any similar topic only for you Order Now , 2006, 1). Various researches and studies in issues of poverty in Canada have shown that poverty is the result of social exclusion and marginalization factors that deprive certain individuals from benefits of mainstreams institutions and mechanism thereby increasing inequality in the society whereby these individuals are no longer able to participate meaningfully in the social process (Williamson and Reutter, 1999, 1). Canada’s economic reconstruction due to globalization and free trade affected its industrial structure and resulted in hundred of thousands of jobs loss that adversely affected the social composition in Canada. The new postindustrial economy that replaced the earlier system failed to create adequate number of opportunities. The jobs in the new system are either highly specialized or low paid that does not compensate the losses of the previous system. With the simultaneous decline the social welfare system in Canada, lack of government support to family allowance programs and doubtful ability of pension plan to support ageing population, the issue of disproportionate income distribution and poverty has emerged as serious matter of concern both from individual and social point of view (Barlow and Campbell, 1995). This paper discusses the impact of poverty on individual and society. This paper evaluates effect of poverty on youths, single parents, aboriginals and immigrants in Canada.   It will also examine the role played by poverty in creating a system of alienation and denial where people are forced to live a life of deprivation. Scope and effect of poverty Effect of poverty on individuals The traditional attitude in Canada towards poverty has been dismissive. People often associated poverty with laziness and more corruption and accepted its deservingness for those affected by it (Shewell, 1998, 51, Reutter et al., 2006, 1). However, the facts show that poverty cannot be generalized or dismissed as a wayward incident in the Canadian society. Rather, it is a disturbing phenomenon that adversely affects many vulnerable sections of the society.   According to Shewell (1998,58), children under age group of 18, single parent mothers, socially excluded persons, and immigrants faces highest rates of poverty in Canada with the rates of poverty being especially high in urban centers. Poverty profoundly affects the capacity of individuals to survive and negotiate with general conditions of life in a positive and constructive way thus rendering them highly vulnerable from the social perspective. From the broader point of view poverty is the cause of falling health standards, increased rates of illness, heightened percentage of crimes and drug abuse among youths, rising homelessness and loss of ability to participate in the social process. The individual and group effects of poverty are mentioned in the following sections Youths: Poverty has long term and damaging effect on youths rendering them homeless and pushing them in vicious cycle of bad health, crime, drug abuse and sex crimes, destitution, mental illness and higher suicide rates (Kidd and Davidson, 2006, 44). Youths, especially in urban areas, in the age group from 12-24, are most vulnerable, mostly living in temporary shelters, without any fixed source of income thereby being forced to settle for irregular ways of earning and living. The uncertainty and unhealthy life conditions results in extremely high mortality rate among urban poor youths (Kidd and Davidson, 2006, 45). One of the most dangerous fallout of poverty and lack of government support structure for youths is increasing youth crime. Increasing income inequality and social divide force poverty stricken youths to submit to illegal activities, mugging, and narcotics trade. Poverty thus creates most compelling conditions that lead youths in crime and corruption. Poverty also create conditions where youths are unable to utilize their capabilities, lack access to education, health facilities and social support structure due to the stigma that is associated with poverty (ibid). Single parent: Single parent face greatest risk of poverty and the consequent effects are often disastrous for their life (Shewell. 1998, 58). The rate of poverty for single non working parent was 73 % in Canada in mid nineties, much higher than other developed countries like UK, US and Australia (Curtis and Pennock, 7). Poverty poses enormous health risk for health of both mother and child, where inadequate income forces them to abandon health services and insurance plans while creating conditions of perpetual stress and deprivation. Aboriginals: The aboriginal and native population of Canada lacks the same social benefits and economic advantages that other sections of country enjoy. Rates of unemployment and poverty are generally very high in the native population that result from absence of government supportive policy, cultural disparity, absence of social development conditions such as education, health facilities, equal employment opportunities all of them causing lack of self determination and independence among them, creating the conditions of poverty and resource denial (Kendall, 2001, 43). Immigrants: Immigrants in Canada have traditionally shown high rate of poverty, the exact indices of which varies from region to region. As the most of immigrant in Canada are from third world country, they face cultural and social problems in assimilating with the Canadian system. Further, as pointed by Halli and Kazemipur (1997, 12 ), most of the immigrants arrived in Canada in 1970s when government’s social support structure was breaking down, and economic opportunities had started to shrink. Due to lack of any outside support and additional sources of income, immigrants became especially vulnerable to hardship and poverty. The adverse circumstances forced these individuals in ghettos where a culture of poverty was born, alienating these individuals from conditions of healthy and sensitized conditions of living (ibid).  In general poverty reduces the ability of individuals to implement themselves constructively in their personal as well as social life. It leads to breakup of family system, causes relational disintegration, and absence of consonance between individuals conditions and society’s economic progress. Social Effect of Poverty Poverty has far reaching effects that influence not only individuals but also the whole society and economy in the longer analysis. On the one hand the society looses its significant number of population who could have been otherwise included in the mainstream economic, educational and health institutions but who are left on periphery in damaging clutches of poverty that reduces their functional capacity to participate in society. On the other side, poverty puts enormous strain on resources where the government is required to support poor with various welfare programs and financial concessions (Shewell, 61 ). along with instituting rehabilitation measures for socially excluded people, drug addicts and homeless people. Poverty weakens the family structure, which is the basis of social stability (Cheal, 1996, 55). Consequently it creates a culture of economic hardship, deprivation and emotional stress that enervate society to function as a integrated whole. Dissatisfaction, inequality, isolation, conflict, discrimination, marginalization, exclusion and rejection are some of vices of poverty that threatens Canadian society. The greatest danger associated with poverty is that it has the tendency to self perpetuate and expand its domination and its feared that if left unchecked it can cause significant socio-economic damage to Canada by creating rift within social order. Conclusion Poverty is a stigma and a bane that needs conscious effort by government, civil society and individuals to combat and obliterate. As stated by Tanner (2003, 125), education, employment and avoidance of untimely pregnancy are three of the surest measures to break the cycle of poverty and create conditions of equitable living condition. As unemployment is one of the chief factors causing poverty, it’s the responsibility of government to introduce policies that increase employment opportunities.   However, it’s also the responsibility of civil society and individuals to take conscious effort in defeating poverty by understanding that poor are more in need of psychological support and acceptance than financial grant. This can be achieved by encouraging them to participate, creating conditions for their collaboration in social building process. It should also be ensured that political, economical and social institutions are oriented in specific ways to provide poor with opportunities to return back to mainstream society, integrate with it and cooperate with others to create a system free of poverty. Reference Barlow, M. and Campbell, B. (1995) Straight Through the Heart: How theLiberals Abandoned the Just Society, Toronto: Harper Collins Curtis, L.J and Pennock. 2006. M. Social Assistance, Lone Parents and Health: What Do We Know, Where Do We go. Canadian Journal of Public Health, Ottawa. Vol. 97. Cheal, D.1996. New Poverty: Families in Postmodern Society: Praeger Publishers. Westport, CT. Halli, S.S, and Kazemipur, A. 1997.   Plight of Immigrants: The Spatial Concentration of Poverty in Canada Canadian Journal of Regional Science. Volume: 20. Issue: 1-2. Page Number: 11-28 Kendall, J. 2001. Circles of Disadvantage: Aboriginal Poverty and Underdevelopment in Canada. American Review of Canadian Studies. Kidd, S.A, 2006. Davidson, L. 2006. Youth Homelessness: A Call for Partnerships between Research and Policy. Canadian Journal of Public Health.   Ottawa: Vol. 97,   Iss. 6,   p.  445-447  (3  pp.) Love R. Makwarimba E. Mcmurray S. Raphael D. Reutter L.I. Stewart M.J, Veenstra G. 2006. ‘Public Attributions for Poverty in Canada’. The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology. Volume: 43. Issue:1 Mitchell, A. and R. Shillington. 2002. Poverty, Inequality, and Social Inclusion. Working Paper Series: Perspectives on Social Inclusion. Toronto: The Laidlaw Foundation Shewell, H. 1988. Poverty: A Persistent Global Reality. (edit) John Dixon,   David Macarov. Routledge. London. Tanner, M.D. 2003. The Poverty of Welfare: Helping Others in Civil Society. Washington, DC. Williamson, D. and L. Reutter. 1999. â€Å"Defining and measuring poverty: Implications for the health of Canadians.† Health Promotion International, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 355-64. How to cite Poverty In Canada, Essay examples

Hendrix Essay Research Paper James Marshal Hendrix free essay sample

Hendrix Essay, Research Paper James Marshal Hendrix was born in Seattle, Washington, on November 27, 1942 ; a # 8216 ; black # 8217 ; American of African, European, Cherokee Indian and Mexican descent. An unsettled place environment made Jimi pass much of his early old ages remaining with his grandma, a full-blooded Cherokee Indian, in Canada. His female parent died when Jimi was 15 about the same clip as Jimi began to take a serious involvement in music and playing the guitar. When he was 12 he got his first electric guitar # 8211 ; the instrument which shaped the following 16 old ages of his life. At the age of 16, Jimi was thrown out of school -apparently for keeping the manus of a white miss in category # 8211 ; and he played stone # 8217 ; nroll in adolescent sets before voluntarily fall ining the ground forces at 17. After 14 months as a paratrooper, larning a batch about falling and winging, he suffered an hurt and was discharged. He decided to come in the music field. The undermentioned four old ages were difficult work touring the States playing back-up guitar for assorted R A ; B bands including Little Richard, Ike and Tina Turner, Wilson Pickett, the Isley Brothers and the late King Curtis among others. The conditions were non suited to his extremist disposition and finally he was drawn to New York # 8217 ; s Greenwich Village where he recorded with the Isley Brothers, Curtis Knight and assorted other creative persons. Then in late 1965 he formed his first set # 8211 ; Jimmy James and the Blue Flames. They worked the Village nines where he was seen by other instrumentalists who instantly recognized his endowment, and word of this immature ace reached ex-Animals bassist Chas Chandler. Chas was so impressed after hearing him play he offered to go his director and persuaded Jimi to attach to him back to England. England at this phase # 8211 ; late 1966 # 8211 ; was musically ruled by sets such as The Who, The Beatles and Cream with Eric Clapton, Jimmy Page and Jeff Beck standing entirely as the three taking advocates of the electric guitar. The Jimi Hendrix Experience was formed with Noel Redding on bass and Mitch Mitchell behind the membranophones and all of a sudden there was this black cat on the scene making things with his guitar that were merely non possible. Respect from his equals and worship from the crowds was instantaneous. They toured Europe, interrupting attending records at one nine after another, and so signed a recording contract. A series of singles that all gained top 10 rank, followed. # 8216 ; Hey Joe # 8217 ; , # 8216 ; Purple Haze # 8217 ; and # 8216 ; The Wind Cries Mary # 8216 ; made Jimi a star in England, puting the phase for his Monterey visual aspect. Jimi # 8217 ; s dramatic public presentation, which he ended by keeping his firing guitar above his caput, at the Monterey Pop Festival, re-introduced him to a wildly receptive American audience, and immediately made him an American famous person. From so on his albums sold 1000000s in America and his Tourss were sell-outs. That twelvemonth, 1967, was his large twelvemonth, with 4 singles and 2 albums in the British charts and two albums on the American charts. However one time established as an graven image he was frustrated by unsighted audience reaction. He would nail his guitar to pieces because he felt he # 8217 ; d played so severely and happen the crowd loving it all the more. His temper and sometimes violent disposition closed in on him with the solitariness of stardom and he became at times unapproachable to flush his closest friends. During # 8216 ; 68 he was jailed in Sweden for wholly bust uping a hotel room but the records he produced during these old ages were decennaries in front of his modern-day # 8217 ; s work # 8211 ; # 8216 ; Are You Experienced? # 8217 ; and # 8216 ; Axis: Bold As Love # 8217 ; are still practically untouched by the passing of clip. In 1968 # 8216 ; Electric Ladyland # 8217 ; , was released bring forthing the hit # 8216 ; All Along The Watchtower # 8217 ; and after his decease # 8216 ; Voodoo Chile # 8217 ; The album was non good received, but consists of four sides of merely astonishing, technically superb guitar work and Jimi # 8217 ; s startling, colourful, wordss full of mystical imagination. The Experience split up in 1969 and Jimi joined up with Billy Cox to play at Woodstock, where he played his politically tinted # 8216 ; Star Spangled Banner # 8217 ; and one other melody before walking off the phase as it # 8220 ; wasn # 8217 ; T coming together.† Jimi lay low for a piece and so formed a ephemeral group with major stone creative persons Buddy Miles and Billy Cox. The group recorded one album # 8216 ; Band Of Gypsies # 8217 ; in 1970 and it became a major hit. He returned to England in August 1970 with Mitch Mitchell back behind the membranophones and played at the 3rd Isle Of Wight festival with a renewed energy, reminiscent of his earlier yearss, merely after he had opened his ain Electric Ladyland Studios. What followed was a journal of events. Hendrix left the Isle Of Wight for a circuit of Europe. Something had gone incorrect during the circuit and one of the set, Billy Cox # 8211 ; the bass participant, had a nervous dislocation and was flown place to the States. The last concert on September 14 was blown out and Hendrix returned to London. On Tuesday, 15 Thursday, holding booked himself into the Cumberland Hotel, Hendrix was due to run into with attorneies stand foring rival angels and directors. He didn # 8217 ; t show. He # 8217 ; d stayed the dark before with a German miss, Monika Nanneman at her level in the Notting Hill country of London. Although he left to travel to the concern meeting, he next showed up at a level in the Fulham Road country. It belonged to a miss who worked in the Chelsea Drug Store, Lorraine James. How or why he chose her level International Relations and Security Network # 8217 ; t known but she described his reaching: # 8220 ; He was evidently high on drugs and he had a batch of hemp on him. He was in a awful province, extremely nervous # 8221 ; . He spent several hours on a wage phone in the edifice. He was kicking about his angels and fiscal personal businesss. That dark, Lorraine watched him pass the dark with two American biddies ; they were at it until five in the forenoon. Wednesday was spent looking for drugs, sing houses around London.Hendrix was # 8220 ; out of his head # 8221 ; .One cat they met was so bad, he jumped a twosome of flights down a step well.He was taken to hospital with broken legs.With all this traveling on, Hendrix got eldritch and ran around the house shriek. Thursday, like any normal individual after the surplus of the old yearss, Hendrix was unconscious in a girlfriend # 8217 ; s flat in the Fulham country during the day.That dark, it was back to the usual modus operandi. The undermentioned twenty-four hours # 8211 ; Thursday, he was down to concern. He called his New York lawyer, spoke to Chandler about a screen design for the new record and booked a flight to New York to roll up the tapes for it. There was besides a meeting arranged with one of his old directors, Ed Chaplin but Hendrix didn # 8217 ; t turn up. There was a note in the border: Ed Chaplin, for one time holding had a contract with Hendrix, was bought-off with a trade that gave him the rights to one album in the U.S. , a per centum of net incomes and a million vaulting horses! There was another version of what had gone down.It was Monika # 8217 ; s ain history of events. Jimi arrived at her level on Tuesday. What happened on Wednesday isn # 8217 ; t clear but Thursday she describes as being taken up with shopping and taking exposures. They got place about 8.30 p.m. Monika prepared a meal.They shared a bottle of vino and talked and played music until 1.40 or 1.45 ante meridiem when Hendrix said he had to travel out and see some people. They weren # 8217 ; t friends of his # 8211 ; Monika could non travel with him but she could take him at that place and convey him home.She picked him up once more at the dorsum of 3.On their return to the level, Monika made Jimi a tuna fish sandwich.The two of them went to bed and talked until 7 ante meridiem when Monika took a sleeping pill and fell asleep. Some clip after, Hendrix took at least eight, perchance nine of the same tablets. Monika woke around 10.20. Hendrix was kiping normally.She had planned to travel out for coffin nails but merely before go forthing, she noticed puke on Jimi # 8217 ; s nose and mouth.She tried to wake him but couldn # 8217 ; T and called a friend ( perchance Chandler ) to inquire what to make. An ambulance was called.It arrived about 11.20 ante meridiem Hendrix was seated unsloped in the dorsum with no caput support.Sometime in the following 25 proceedingss before they arrived at St. Mary Abbot # 8217 ; s Hospital, Jimi Hendrix choked on his ain puke. He was pronounced D.O.A. The diagnostician reported a big sum of Seconol in Jimi # 8217 ; s blood but no ground to presume that self-destruction was the cause of decease.

Braydon Waller Essays (488 words) - English-language Films, 9 To 5

Braydon Waller Humanities Professor Hughes December 3, 2017 Nine to five the musical Nine to five the musical is a musical based around a 1980 movie of the same name that has music and lyrics by Dolly Parton in it. It's a funny and energetic play about friends and revenge. Three coworkers come up with a plan to get back at their egotistic boss but they find out there is nothing they can do about it. Personally I thought the play was funny and it was actually pretty good. It was very good about keeping with the themes of what the play had, like the daily workplace struggles and what else goes on in the workplace. It keeps the theme of friendship in work and working together to get back at the boss, also kept with the comedy theme even with some seriousness mixed in the play. The play seems to me to be very creative with how everything throughout the play works. The dialogue, scenes, set, and characters for it are very creative and interesting with how it all works together. There's violet the working mom, Doralee a country girl, Judy the new employee a nd finally the boss Franklin Hart. One of the first things Franklin does is make them get his coffee which just shows just how he is, also with all the flirting he does with them. The play is very well acted with all the actors seeming to work together in unison to understand the play better and it helped to make the play even better than it already was. The production of the play one hundred percent made it easier to understand, I had really no understanding what the play was fully about, but how it was produced definitely made it easier to watch. With just how the director, character and everyone involved in the play made that much easier to understand. The overall language of the play was good and the actors made every line clear and with great emotion. They made the play stay with the theme with how they acted, they kept with the seriousness of the workplace and the comedy of it too, and they made it all tie together. With how the actors portrayed the characters an d the scenes they helped make a better understanding about nine to five the musical for the audience. There was a broad concept on the stage and costumes to paint a better picture of the characters, theme, and concepts of the play. They definitely made it look and feel like a workplace comedy on the stage. The director and actors overall made the personalities and actions of the characters come out through their position onstage. Overall the play was very entertaining and funny to watch. I was impressed on acting, the portrayal of the characters, and the director making everything play together to make it entertaining for the entire audience.

Information Systems †Definitions and Vocabulary

Information Systems – Definitions and Vocabulary Free Online Research Papers Electronic Commerce: Consist primarily of the distributing, buying, selling, marketing and servicing of products or services over electronic system such as the Internet and other computer networks. The information technology industry might see it as an electronic business application aimed at commercial transactions. Internet Filtering: An Internet filtering allows an administrator to monitor and/or control Internet access. Monitoring Internet access means the administrator allows network users unrestricted access to the Internet, while producing aggregate and detailed usage reports. Controlling Internet access means the administrator places restrictions on how the Internet is used within the organization. And it is designed to promote professional use of the Internet by effectively monitoring and/or restricting access to sites. Intelligent Agents: Is software that assists people and act on their behalf. Intelligent agents work by allowing people to delegate work that they could have done, to the agent software. Agents can perform repetitive tasks, remember things you forgot, intelligently summarize complex data, learn from you and even make recommendations to you. An intelligent agent can help you find and filter information and customize it. Internet Security: Set of rules, policies, procedures and technical measures used to prevent unauthorized right of entry, modification, theft, or physical damage to information systems that we may face when we access to the internet. Anonymous E-Mailers: It is feature where Allows users to send email without revealing their identity and personal information to the recipient to Protect their privacy and data Information Security: Is the process of protecting data from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, destruction, modification, or disruption. More over, information security has held that three key concepts formed the core principles of information security: confidentiality, integrity and availability. XML versus HTML: HTML short for HyperText Markup Language is the predominant markup language for the creation of web pages. Where XML short for The Extensible Markup Language is metalanguage written in SGML that allows one to design a markup language and for the easy interchange of documents on the World Wide Web also, it is more popular than HTML with web site designers. Java Script: A scripting language based on the concept of prototype-based programming. JavaScript is only distantly related to the Java programming language, the main similarity being their common debt to the C syntax. The language is best known for its use in websites such as, write functions that are embedded in or included from HTML pages and interact with the Document Object Model Computer Hackers: A person who accesses a computer network without permission for profit, criminal mischief, or personal satisfaction. Hackers are often able to break into computers because of operating system or other built-in system defects, hackers can get information relating to legitimate users and modify it and change it. Computer Viruses: A computer program that is designed to replicate itself by copying itself into the other programs stored in a computer. It may be benign or have a negative effect, such as causing a program to operate incorrectly or corrupting a computers memory. Viruses are very difficult to detect and spread rapidly. Knowledge Management Refers to a range of practices used by organizations to identify, create, represent, and distribute knowledge for reuse, awareness, and learning across the organizations. tied to organizational objectives and are intended to lead to the achievement of specific outcomes, such as shared intelligence, improved performance, competitive advantage, or higher levels of innovation. MIS Ethics: The principles and guides of right and wrong used by the MIS members acting as free moral agents to make choices to guide their behavior , Privacy, accuracy, property and accessibility, these are the four major issues of information ethics for the information age. E-Learning E-learning involves the use of a computer or electronic device (e.g. a mobile phone) in some way to provide training, educational or learning material. And it also, involves using the Internet or an Intranet Artificial Intelligence: Field of computer science that attempts to simulate characteristics of human intelligence or senses. These include learning, reasoning, and adapting. This field studies the designs of intelligent agents, or a system that acts intelligibly. There are many different goals for AI, on of them to understand the human intelligent well. Technology Innovation: Both the output and the process of arriving at a technologically feasible solution to a problem triggered by a technological opportunity or customer need Web Services: A Web service is a component of programmable application logic that can be accessed using standard web protocols. Its basically a component, or an assembly in ASP.NET, that can be accessed over the web. Anyone with a browser can see and use this application logic. Peer Services: Computer network relies primarily on the computing power and bandwidth of the participants in the network rather than concentrating it in a relatively low number of servers. Business Process Mgt: Activities performed by organizations to manage and, if necessary, to improve their business processes. While such improvements are hardly new, software tools called business process management systems (BPM systems) have made such activities faster and cheaper Mobile Business: M-commerce (mobile commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services through wireless handheld devices such as cellular telephone and personal digital assistants (PDAs). Enterprise Security: Protection of the security of information in all of its forms (electronic, physical) and the security of the systems and networks where information is stored, accessed, processed, and transmitted. Trends and Advanced in Technology: Using Technology is helping to manage process flows and ensure that more accurate data are being collected in a more consistent and timely fashion. At the same time, processes that once relied on manual activities are frequently being automated, eliminating mundane tasks and speeding processing in different field of our life. Real Time Computing: Enabling technology for many important applications, including multimedia, financial trading systems, air-traffic control systems, robotics, and process control, just to name a few which are subject to a real-time constraint. Justifying IT Investment: The way of measuring where you are now, modeling the benefits of making improvements, and putting an overall value on running your IT well. IT Implementation Challenges: Realization of a technical specification or algorithm as a program, software component, or other computer systemin all functions and Operations of any large enterprise pose a lot of challenges and overall organizational infrastructure IT for Competitive Advantages: Using of information technology to enable a company to operate in a more efficient or otherwise higher-quality manner than the companies it competes with, and which results in benefits accruing to that company. Research Papers on Information Systems - Definitions and VocabularyThe Project Managment Office SystemOpen Architechture a white paperBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaDefinition of Export QuotasThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesStandardized Testing

Islam in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Islam in Business - Essay Example Fiqh muamalt is the study of financial and economic transactions from an Islamic outlook which is a branch of Islamic jurisprudence that is related with commerce and residual economic activities. For Islamic economic concepts, Arabic phrases are employed and shariah compliant financial products are very popular in the Islamic business circle. Shariah offers guiding norms for day-to-day living for a Muslim but following the same is a matter of belief and conscience and not of enforcement by governments. In the majority of the Islamic nations, Islamic banking is only a matter of preference and the only Muslim country in the World, i.e. Iran has made rules that all banks must adhere with fiqh muamalt under Usury Free Banking Law that was introduced in 1983. Fatwa refers to the rulings given by Shariah scholars and these are given through reasoning by scholars and endeavoring to apply fiqh to present financial and economic transactions and this process is known as ijtihad and in real pra ctice, this needs interpretation of contractual deeds concerning financial transactions and economic activities and making sure that it is unfailing with shariah. (Wilson 177). This research essay dwells into how Islamic practices apply in business, economics and banking (commercialism, profiteering, loans & interest, partnerships, etc) and how Islam dictates one conducts oneself in business in a detailed manner. Islam and Business Muslims are permitted to engross in trade and business as long as it is lawful and not detrimental to either society or the economy. Islam also permits to acquire wealth through business and however, a Muslim should not have any pride in his wealth. Further, in Islam, greed and miserliness are regarded as sins. A Muslim is considered to be only a temporary guardian of any wealth that he acquires as all wealth is the belongings of Allah. Islam expects that business is run on the moral principle, and it shuns fraud, dishonesty, misrepresentation and deceit in business. Dealing in illegal goods (haram) is prohibited in Islam. Islam also prohibits lotteries. Gambling and business linked with distribution and sale of alcohol. The following are some of the prohibited business activities under Islam. Price manipulation Price gouging and Hoarding by artificially reducing supply of products, especially food products. Government price control initiatives except in some unavoidable scenarios. Interference in the free markets Buying stolen property Cultivating plants like hashish and poppy and raising pigs. Business profits that are generated through halal (legal) business activities are permitted and not any haram (illegal) business activities. A Muslim is needed to respect his business debts. (Khan 1999). The fundamental principle is that Muslims are permitted to purchase whatever he needs like products that Allah has allowed from both Muslims and kaafirs. It is to be noted that Allah himself purchased products from the Jews. However, if a Mu slim avoids purchasing goods from another Muslim for no good reason like bad products, high prices or deceit goods , then that will be considered as harram. Doing business with Kaffirs mean reducing business with the Muslim and thereby obstructing Muslims to sell their products or to make the success in their business efforts. (Abdul -Rahman 7). The one who proscribes the goods of the Kuffaar mean that they are waging an endless war with the Islam, intending thereby to manifest the truth

Personal And Professional Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Personal And Professional Development - Essay Example Trainings, workshops, and observations, in addition to other professional development activities, help educator’s enhance their own teaching skills. This enables new and veteran teachers alike to be able to take their teaching to an entirely new level. Professional development involves not only the learning of new instructional methodologies and strategies, but they also enable individuals to keep up to date with new technology that can be effectively implemented into today’s modern classroom. In today’s rapidly advancing and globally progressive world, it is more important than ever that teacher’s today strive to grow professionally in their own right, so that they can foster the continued growth of their own student’s as well. 2. Learning-Environment Observation Studies Gaining the confidence required to be an effective teacher can often come by observing others in action. In so doing, the mentality shifts from one of trepidation to one of accompl ishment. As we see others performing duties well, we begin to feel that we can do the same. This involves observing multiple disciplines to gain a solid overview about the teaching styles evident in the classroom that both promote and foster an environment conducive to the learning process. It is also important to observe others as a means of teacher development. Rossner (1992) argues that, â€Å"Teacher development is not just to do with language or even teaching: it’s also about language development, counselling skills, assertiveness training, confidence building, computing, meditation, cultural broadening – almost anything in fact† (p. 4). Teaching is about much more than communicating facts and figures to young people. It is... This report stresses that professional development can help a new teacher grow in his or her abilities, in addition to leading to an increase in self-confidence. As a new educator in the second year of a teacher-training program, it is important to understand this process begins now. The prospect of entering a class of bright, young, and energetic students without any proper training or observations under my belt would be quite frightening indeed. This paper makes a conclusion that as has been demonstrated to this point, this module has instilled in this student the importance that personal and professional development has on the life of an educator. Teachers must be willing to constantly grow into their profession. New teachers have the responsibility to observe, learn theory, implement methodologies, and adapt to an increasingly technological and globally connected world. Teaching is a serious profession. Young people only possess a limited amount of time to acquire all of the skills and training that are necessary for themselves to enter into society as productive members, so teachers must work hard to ensure that this transition is as effective as possible. This begins with a thorough understanding of what it takes to be an educator, transcends into the role of counsellor and mediator, and continues to the role of life-long learning. In the end, teaching is a most rewarding profession, but also one that requires a great de al of foresight and perseverance.

Nikes Marketing Principles

Nikes Marketing Principles Blessed from the mighty heavens by the Greek Goddess of Strength, Power and Victory read Nike; the brand has always captured ones imagination and strengthened its position among the upper echelons of marketing icons. Nikes marketing strategy draws your attention by interrupting you, attracting you, ensnaring you and finally and most importantly satisfying you. In a recent conference, Paul Knight , the charismatic founder and ex- CEO of Nike chose a divergent outlook to most other speakers on the subject of choosing Nike over competition. He asked people who run to rise from the comfort of their seats. He then asked those who run three or more times a week to keep standing. He looked on and exquisitely announced -We are for you. When you get up at 5 oclock in the morning to go for a run, even if its cold and wet out, you go. And when you get to mile 4, were the one standing under the lamp post, out there in the cold and wet with you, cheering you on. Were the inner athlete. Were the i nner champion. Just Do It is more than a tag line, its a motto. Its a cheer. Its a rallying cry. A sublime demonstration which augmentsmarket segmentation, fortifies positioning, empowersbrand building, and exemplifies relationship management in a snapshot, slowly and yet subtly hitting the sweet spot. The Story So Far More than 25 years ago, Co-founder Bill Bowerman used a waffle iron to conjure up a new sole for a pair of running shoes. Nike hasnt looked back since. Innovation has been the mainspring for a company exalting in its enduring success. With insufficient funds to indulge in advertising, Phil Knight and Bill Bowerman took to the streets, selling shoes at local athletic meets from the backs of their trucks. The word-of-foot gripped the sporting fraternity and marked the beginning of Nikes success on track. Then came the late 80s and with it the pain of losing out on sales to Reebok who introduced training shoes, tailor made for a growing breed health conscious women. In a bid to regain market share, Nike played to their strength and countered punched with new models of shoes designed for various sports. This was the phase when Knight and Bowman realized the importance of aggressive marketing coupled with product innovation and began to invest a princely part of corporate revenues toward s marketing and advertising. By the early 90s, Nike was ranked as one of the best advertisers in the world, soulfully striking ones emotional chords rather than the rationale ones. The Marketing Mix One of the key ingredients of the perfect marketing recipe comes by way of blending in the marketing mix. The key elements of the marketing mix are a set of interrelated entities which are set in unison with one another. (Proctor, 2000: 212). The marketing mix is a combination of the 4 Ps Product, Price, Place and Promotion for any business venture. Adapted from Exploring Business (Karen Collins) We shall evaluate the positive and negative impact of Nikes marketing mix in more detail. Product: Product is the companys offering via goods or services to the customer. A product can be viewed at three different levels: Adapted from Selling and Sales Management (David Jobber) Core Product It is the main benefit that the product offers to the customer. In the case of footwear, it is meant to protect and comfort the human foot whilst it is on the move Total Product (adding value) The chief aim is to ensure that customers purchase your brand. Nike has been a dominant player in the footwear market over the years. Their well-crafted design, innovative products, marketing and brand building activities have helped them gain a differential advantage over their rivals. Their packaging and labelling has been state of the art over generations. Augmented Product(Extended Product) The non-tangible benefits that the product can offer. This encapsulates customer service, after sales and warranty. Nike prides itself on excellent customer services with faulty products instantly replaced without any flutter. Nike warranty time is standard to current markets. Today, Nikes products are manufactured in more than 700 factories, employing over 500,000 workers in 51 countries. The company, through its Footwear segment, offers footwear products for men, women and children. Through its Apparel segment, it is engaged in selling sports apparel and other accessories designed for specific purposes. Under the Equipment segment, the company offers a range of performance equipment such as bags, socks, timepieces, sport balls, electronic devices. Other segment offerings are brands such as Cole Haan, Converse, Hurley, NIKE Golf and Umbro. Over the years, Nike has changed the way the game is played with its wide range of products. Nikes offerings have been in the ascendancy with the sales of 175 different styles of shoes in the 1980s springing to almost 772 different styles in the 1990s collections to a remarkable 1200 different styles showcased in the 2000 collection. Nike Air Max was the first line of shoes introduced in 1987 with frequent additions in the same product line over the years. The Air Jordan XX3 was its marquee shoe product designed for basketball with the contemporary issue of environment consciousness in mind. The Ansoff Matrix The Ansoff Matrix is a marketing tool developed to help marketers figure out the best way to grow their business via new and existing products and new and existing markets. The four strategies involved comprise of: (Kotler, 2006:48) Market Penetration Product Development Market Development Diversification Adapted from Marketing Management (Philip Kotler) Market Penetration Market penetration is built around marketing existing products to existing markets. Some of the techniques involved to increase revenue are promoting the product, professing brand loyalty etc. Nike has invested heavily in drawing up an elevated level of brand awareness to its omnipresent customer base by way of sponsorships, advertising and promotional activities. The company have significantly revamped their supply chain system which in the past has hampered their quest to meet global customer demands. They have also driven their retail based sales strategy to maintain their shelf space with enticing incentives. Market Development Market development focuses on marketing existing products to new markets. Some of the methods involved in capturing a new audience are exporting products, targeting a new market segment etc. Nike has effectively been able to expand geographically with their multifarious product offerings. They pulled off a masterstroke in 2003 signing up Liu Xiang, Chinas first gold medallist at the Olympics .This was followed by an advertisement showcasing his muscle and that of a nation with the trademark Swoosh on his shoulder. The result a walloping 66% rise in sales of its core products in China in what was the start of an intangible treasure hunt. Product Development Product development talks about marketing new products to existing markets. The capabilities here involve innovating new products to replace already existing ones. Nike has constantly been on the run with its technically advanced shoes time and again. The classic example is that of the Air Jordan Lines. There have been a staggering 25 major models of the product released over the past 25 years with variable designs and signature performance re-layers. Diversification Diversification thrives on marketing new products to new markets. It can be classified as related and unrelated. Related means remaining in the same market one is familiar with. Unrelated is delving into a new industry with no marketing experience. Nike has followed related diversification. The Prime example: adding the clothing line to its existing shoe operations. Nike has introduced a 3D soccer game available for download from their website which advertises their key products. This is targeted on a global scale at youngsters who gradually get associated with the product catch them young they say! BCG Matrix The Boston Consulting Group matrix is a chart designed to help companies analyse the performance of their business units. The market growth and market share dimensions provide a handy evaluation for the company on how to prioritize their product portfolio. Adapted from Perspectives on Strategy (Carl W Stern/George Stalk) Cash cows earn a lot of revenue and the onus is on stability strategies. In Nikes case, a vintage example is that of the Air Jordan sneakers. They exhibit low growth but already have a dominant market share. Stars are fledging businesses that thrive on accelerated growth of market share. Companies tend to reinvest their profits back into the business hoping to gain enough market-share to envisage themselves as cash cows. Nike has recently announced quadrupling their investments in apparel innovation and trends citing it as their biggest opportunity in the next five years. Nike has also developed its Nike+ products combining the best of both worlds superior products and technology. Question marks are new businesses whereby companies delve into expanding markets albeit with a low market share. Companies use share profits from other businesses to try converting a question mark into a star. Fitting example of a question mark in Nikes case are their recent watches and electronic products designed to capture more market share. Dogs yield low returns in a low growing market. Companies tend to employ turnaround and retrenchment strategies for their dogs or even dispose them off if they dont foresee a measurable future. The Nike brass decided to sell Bauer Hockey in 2008 in the event of tight margins in hard goods and a flat hockey market. Product Life Cycle Product life cycle explains the history of a product and the stages which it went through. It can be divided into the following stages: Introduction Growth Maturity Decline Introduction Stage: When a product is introduced, sales are going to be low till the customers become aware of the product and its benefits. During this stage, the companies will try to establish a market and build a demand for the product. Growth Stage: The growth stage is a period of quick revenue growth. Sales start increasing as customers start getting to know the product and its benefits .Sales will increase further as retailers express their interest in shelving the product. Maturity Stage: Maturity stage is the most profitable phase. Advertising expenditure will be reduced. Competition by other firms on similar products will be foreseen. The primary objective at this stage is defending market share whilst going hell for leather with profit making. Decline Stage: Sales gradually begin to decline because of a potential variance in customer tastes. The market reaches its threshold for the particular product. Decrease in sales leads to either less or no profit at all. Example Air Jordan Air Jordan, also simply as Jordans are a brand of shoes and athletic apparel produced by Nike originally designed for a very well known professional NBA basketball player Michael Jordan. The Air Jordan line is now sold by the Jordan Brand subsidiary of Nike. Since its first release in 1985, there have been new designs of the shoe released each year and have been making decent profits even after Michael Jordan retired from the NBA. Below is the Life cycle for this product. Life cycle curve of Air Jordan SALES Introduction Growth Maturity Decline TIME Nike introduced the first series of Air Jordan shoes in 1985, there were a multiple series released till date. The above graph illustrates the stages this product went through in product life cycle, which was introduced in 1985. It had a decent introduction, it reached the next stage i.e growth by 1992 and made a good amount of profit and reached a maturity state by 1998 and has maintained stability in this stage till date. Nike Hockey Sticks In 1994, the year Nike bought Montreals Canstar Sports, maker of the popular Bauer skates and other equipment, it then manufactured the series of hockey sticks between 2004 -06 in china. Random testing by health have found the lead in the sticks far exceeds the acceptable tolerance and because the sticks are used by youths, lead is especially harmfull. Approximately 100,000 sticks have been found to have dangerous levels of lead. Nike Bauer has issued a recall that takes the sticks out of the hands of youth and junior players. Below is the product life cycle for this product: Nike Hockey Sticks Introduction Decline SALES TIME The above graph illustrates the sudden decline of a product. Nike introduced different models of Hockey sticks for respective customers in American region in the year of 2008. This product has not gone through the stages which comes before the decline stage, since, quite before the product would start growing, it started to decline since the sticks were found harmful to be played with. Positive Impact: Nikes gift to the world lies in the comfort of mankinds happy feet. Creativity has always been Nikes forte and it comes as no surprise that they have toyed with the idea of customers designing their own shoes. Watching over the process of production of their creation adds to customer satisfaction and gives them a sign of belonging. Keeping abreast with technology, Nike has collaborated with Apple Inc. to produce the Nike+ product used to monitor a runners performance through a radio device in the shoe linked to the iPod Nano. . The cricketing fraternity has largely benefitted from the Air Zoom Yorker, devised to be 30% lighter than competitor shoes. Athletes have found the Nike Free edition to be a major boon with the design allowing foot muscles to gain strength by way of less constriction mechanism. Basketball players found the Nike Hyper dunk to be quite useful with its superior shock absorption techniques minimizing the impact of stress on the muscles. Customer satisfaction can be directly mapped to the success of the company. Nikes capture of market share with its diversified product range has seen its revenue shoot through the roof in recent years. Negative Impact Nike also had its fair share of brickbats with respect to its products. Its futuristic-looking hockey skates bombed in the markets during the late 1990s. The failure was deduced to be a result of rushing the product into the market before fully straightening out the probable design problems. A good 13 years after acquiring Bauer, and arrogantly making promises that it would revolutionize the business of hockey, Nike eventually sold its Nike Bauer unit to investors Roustan Inc. and Kohlberg Co on February 2008, an unassuming fall from grace for one of the worlds powerful brands. Though Nike Bauer was a market leader, it was predicted that the company would find it hard to recover even half the $395 million amount it paid for Canstar Sports, Bauers Montreal-based parent, in December 1994 mainly due to the stagnant hockey market. Nike as a company was built on the assertion that low cost and high quality running shoes could be imported from cheap Asian markets like Japan and sold in th e US. Nike felt the negative tremors as allegations were rife that they underpaid factory workers in Indonesia they sold shoes for around about $150 and paid the person making them a meagre 50 cents!.Along came the by-products of child labour in Cambodia and Pakistan and unsatisfactory working conditions in China and Vietnam during production. Recently, Nike has brought about winds of change towards its irrelevant practices and is also dedicating its efforts towards environmentally responsible business operations Price Price is one the key component which more or less decides the fate of a company. It is a return on efforts poured into manufacturing and marketing a product. Listed below are the various components of an effective pricing strategy (Proth and Dolgui, 2010: 101) Market- Skimming The process of Price Skimming involves setting high price for new products. The objective is to skim the revenues layer by layer from the customers who are willing to pay more to have the product sooner. Market- Penetration This involves setting low prices for new products in order to attract and penetrate the market in the initial stage of the launch of the product Competitive Pricing Prices in this strategy are set lower than that offered by the competitors or same price with the added incentives to attract customers. Premium Pricing Prices are always set high for a product or service to emphasize its exclusiveness. Economy Pricing This is a no frills low down price technique, since the manufacture and marketing costs are kept at a minimum. Psychological Pricing This approach is manifested when marketers wants the customers to feel that they are paying less. Prices are often expressed as odd prices, for example 99.99 cents not 100 dollars. Product Line Pricing This approach is mostly used by the marketer who has a wide range of products or services offered. The price is reflective of the benefits of parts of the range. Optional Product Pricing Companies offer to sell option or accessory products along with their main product. Captive Product Pricing This is the practice where the prices of a basic product are kept low to attract customers and the price of a companion product without which the basic product cannot be used is kept high. Product Bundle Pricing In this approach different products are put in the same package and sell them for discount. This helps the sellers to move old stocks. Promotional Pricing This approach is mainly used by the sellers who want to promote their product by attracting attention to the business. Typical example is that of a buy one get one free scheme. Geographical Pricing Geographical pricing is considered for different variations in prices in different parts of the world. Value Pricing Prices of a product will be based on the value it creates for the customer. This is usually the most profitable form of pricing, if it can be achieved. Nikes Pricing Strategies Nikes pricing strategy all comes down to understanding the products, competition, marketing the product and most importantly determining which price point is the best for their product .Needless to say, it is very rare that an organization makes use of all the above permutations and combinations in pricing techniques. Nike is no different with its pricing strategy revolving around penetration pricing, premium pricing, value pricing, skimming pricing and psychological pricing. Penetration Pricing Nike initially started out on the principle of penetration pricing so as to capture market share and then gradually increased prices. Premium Pricing As Nike exclusive products developed; it became recognizable to consumers in that marketplace. This drove its perceived value to a higher level especially with the limited editions of the Air Jordans. Value pricing Nike went about setting the price to the degree at which consumers place their value on the product. It is at this very point that customers associated themselves with Nike and paid the extra penny, as long as their products remained state of the art and exhibited the cutting edge. Psychological pricing Nike has priced their products to $99.99 (for example). After all in ones mind, a .99 is always cheaper than a .00. Skimming pricing This approach dwells on skimming market profits layer by layer. Nike has used this to good effect in setting high initial prices for the new design they bring into the market. This is then tailgated by a gradual decline in price as the design has been in the market for a while and a new product is on its way. Adapted from Principles and Practice of Marketing (David Jobber) Nike employs a rapid skimming strategy of setting high prices as well as investing heavily in advertising the new product. Generally, Nike shoes current season last for a period between 3 to 6 months where they are sold at peak prices. After that season, comes a process called closeout where prices are gradually reduced. The final stage is that of the inventory cleanout where a take all basis strategy is employed to sales. Nikes quality is directly proportional to its commitment of excellence. Excellence comes at a premium and fittingly so. This places Nike in the upper rightmost quadrant of the Price vs. Quality matrix. Nikes products are well worth their weight in gold. Positive Impact Nikes dominance in the market through its vehement promotional strategy coupled with a smart pricing function makes the market as a whole unattractive for competitors. In most cases, it has identified the precise price points across its range of products. The impact of Nikes pricing strategies can be seen in its overwhelming sales and profit margins (on a single pair of shoes!!!) as depicted below. Negative Impact Nikes pricing strategy has not always been quaint. The Air Jordan brand shoes were premium priced, released once every year in order to keep the value of the shoe as high as possible and make it a collectors item. However, this has prompted this line of shoe to be highly duplicated or imitated which has become a major headache for Nike with the virus spreading to the other products just as well. In 2003, the overpriced Air Jordans at $200 were biting the dust on store shelves as consumers shifted base to Sketchers (SKX ), K-Swiss (KSWS ), and New Balance shoes who slowly began nibbling away at Nikes heels. Nike has not utilised all the strategies of pricing. Each and every pricing strategy has its own advantages and disadvantages. Nike can venture into approaches like promotional pricing as an attraction tool for the customer by mentioning the word FREE. Nike can also utilize product bundle pricing by combining products (with a high and low demand) and selling them at a discounted price. Place (Distribution) Place pin points to effective distribution of products or services to the end customers. It is paramount for the organization to correctly estimate the needs and wants of the customers to meet its marketing objectives. Adapted from Principles of Marketing (David Jobber) Channel 1: Direct Marketing (No intermediaries) The direct marketing channel has no intermediaries. The company sells straight to the customers. Channel 2: Indirect Marketing (One intermediary) The first level of indirect marketing involves one intermediary. The company sells its goods to large retailers who in turn line them up for customers. Channel 3: Indirect Marketing (Two intermediaries) The second level of indirect marketing involves two intermediaries. The company sells its goods to wholesalers who buy in bulk and sell them to smaller retailers. Channel 4: Indirect Marketing (Three intermediaries) The third level of indirect marketing involves three intermediaries. The company sells its goods to agents who contact wholesalers who further sell to retailers. From the view of the producers, more number of levels leads to higher complexity and much less control. Nike employs the first two channels to good effect. Heres how: Nike -Direct Marketing By 1999, NIKE had opened 13 of their privately owned NIKE Town superstores located in high traffic upmarket surroundings. The first of those was a posh store in Portland which was soon bettered by a larger than life outlet in downtown Chicago. Nike also operated 53 outlet locations focussed on liquidating overstocked and outdated inventory. NIKE redesigned and overhauled their website incorporated with e-commerce functionality. A variety of products were put up for sale at full retail prices. Nike Indirect Marketing (Retailers) Nike operates 338 retail stores in the US and 336 stores worldwide. Retail stores in the US Retail stores Worldwide Nikes store formats include a mix of departmental stores, footwear stores, goods stores, tennis, skate and golf shops, and as well as retail accounts. Nike store are centrally located and easily accessible. The company operates three significant distribution centres located at Memphis, Tennessee and Wilsonville, Oregon in the US. Then, there are the leased distribution facilities which operate on a comparatively smaller scale in the home country. Nike also runs 14 distribution centres worldwide with Japan and Belgium among their prime locations. Subsidiaries NIKE also has global presence through several of its subsidiaries. The wholly owned subsidiaries include Cole Haan, Converse, Umbro and Hurley. Converse is engaged in designing, distributing and licensing of athletic and casual footwear, apparels and accessories. Cole Haan designs, markets and distributes luxury shoes, handbags, accessories and coats. Umbro is engaged in the designing, distributing and licensing of athletic and casual footwear, apparel and equipment for soccer under Umbro brand. Hurley designs and distributes sports apparel relates to surfing, skateboarding and snowboarding. Nike is developing high calibre information systems, logistics and a much improved supply-chain management system. In the good old days production was based on instinct. Nike used to take a guess as to the number of pairs of shoes to churn out and hoped to cram them on retailers shelves. Nike has revamped its supply chain management systems since the disaster to ensure the right amount of sneaker s find their way across the world more quickly. Positive impacts As Nikes market share grew, it buoyed merchants who carried their products. This helped Nike negotiate terms with retailers on location, display and inventory levels all of which contributed to the overall customer experience. NIKE Towns in Portland and Chicago became an instant hit with customers flocking in to witness the two-story wall painting of Michael Jordan and trying out shoes in the mini basketball courts. Souvenirs and other rarities were a showcase for the latest Nike had to offer and helped in brand building activities. The 53 stores opened up for liquidation served as a handy means for getting rid of excess inventory whilst maintaining control of the brand. Nikes re- launched website keying in on inspirational content as well as innovative products was met with a phenomenal amount of success. Negative impacts In the early days, Nike suffered from retailer inconsistencies. Imperfect information was received on inventory levels leading to stock outs and misallocations .The infamous i2 fiasco was a rap on the knuckles for Nikes brand image. It was made an example of as a company that botched up its supply chain unit. It was a deemed to be software glitch and the repercussions cost Nike more than $100 million in lost sales, leading to a depressed stock price by about 20%, which further went on to trigger a flurry of class-action lawsuits. Succinctly, the i2 demand-planning engine ordered for a surplus of thousand Air Garnett sneakers than the market had called for and a thousand fewer Air Jordans than were actually in demand. Nike looked at various operational workarounds but at best it was a classic case of damage limitation. The opening of the NIKE Towns and e-commerce applications was a cause of concern for Nikes traditional retailers initially as it would eat into their business. Nike all ayed fears by positioning their direct marketing strategies differently to the retail markets but doubts were still casted on the anomalies of this move. Promotion Compelling promotions and captivating advertisements are the cornerstones of a successful product in contemporary times. Listed below are the various components of an effective promotional mix. Advertising Nikes legend with television commercials dates back to October 1982 with the first advertisement broadcast during the New York Marathon. Wieden and Kennedy were the creators in chief back then and not surprisingly their partnership with Nike still holds fort to this day and age. Nike advertisements are very appealing and leave a long lasting imprint in the viewers minds. Public Relations Public relation is an entity that focuses on both brand building as well as defending. Nike has recently employed the green public relations strategy. This has been a powerful weapon in the corporate social responsibility aspect with environmental issues the subject of concern in contemporary times. Personal Selling Nike endorses the personal selling technique to good effect. Customer assistants in Nike retail stores have direct contact and constant interaction with the buyers of their merchandise. Nike representatives often train customer assistants on the latest in technology and merchandize. Sales Promotions Sales Promotions are driven around the accelerated purchase of products. Nike entices its customers with discounts, rebates and gift coupons. Direct Mail In the direct mail method, publicity material is sent to a customer within the targeted segment. Nikes concentrated efforts in recent times towards publishing its customer catalogues has been met with open arms a staggering 200,000 responses to the catalogue e-mail in 60 days. Internet Marketing The dot com industry has been an emerging trendsetter in ever growing and evolving marketing strategies. Nike has given volumes of ad space to its armada of products via a network of sites. Nike is accelerating Internet marketing campaigns to diversify extensively on the web. The impact of these promotional strategies can again be traced back to the profits at which Nike operates on. Sponsorship has been a key strategy in Nikes promotional activities. Nike endorses a galaxy of celebrity athletes across all sports. Michael Jordan was an absolute superstar for them in terms of publicity and sales. A whole array of national teams including the Indian National Cricket Team is under sponsorship contracts with Nike. News has just come in of Nikes win as the official uniform sponsor of the National Football League (NFL) for a deal worth a whopping $500 million. The Communication Model Adapted from Marketing Management Philip Kotler Nike has efficiently translated all the key factors in efficient communication. Through their marketing strategies, they have reached out to a plethora of audiences and gained a profitable response. They have encoded their ideas, coated them with creativity and pushed them through to be easily decoded by the receivers (custo